LEARN C++

 What is C++ ?

C++ is an object oriented programming language.It is developed by Bjarne Stroustrup at AT & T Bell Laboratories in Murray Hill,New Jersey.C++ is an extension of C with a major addition of class construct feature of simula67. C++ is a superset of C. Therefore almost all c programs are also C++ programs.The object-oriented features in C++ allow programmers to build large programs with clarity extensibility and ease of maintenance.

Application of C++

C++ is a versatile language for handling very large programs.It is suitable for virtually any programming task including development of editors. C++ allows us to create hierarchy-related objects we can build special object-oriented libraries which can be used later by many programmers.

C++ is able to map the real world problem properly, the C part of C++ gives the language the ability to get close to the machine-level details.

C++ programs are easily maintainable and expandable.

Object Oriented programming paradigm

Object oriented programming is the most recent concept among programming paradigms.Object oriented is an approach that provides a way of modularizing programs by creating partitioned memory area for both data and function.An object is considered to be a partitioned area of computer memory that stores and set of operation that can access that data.

Basic concept of object oriented programming

Objects : Object are the run time entities in an object oriented system. They may represent a person,a place a table of data or any item that the program has handle. When a program is executed, the objects interact by sending message to one another, for example if customer and account are two objects in a program then the customer object may send message to the account object requesting for bank balance.

Classes:  Class are user-defined data types and behave like the build-in types of programming language. The entire set of data and code of an object can be made a user-define data type with the help of a class.Each object is associated with the data type class with which they are created. A class is collection of object of similar type. For example apple and orange are member of the class fruit.

Data Abstraction:  Abstraction refers to the act of representing essential features without including the background details or explanations.classes uses the concept of abstraction and are defined as a list of abstract attributes such as size, weight and cost and functions to operate on these attributes.

Encapsulation:  The wrapping up data and function into a single unit is known as encapsulation. Data encapsulation is the most striking feature of a class. The data is not accessible to outside world, and only those functions which are wrapped in the class can access it.

Inheritance:  Inheritance is the capability of one class of things to inherit capabilities or properties from another class. It is the process by which objects of class acquire the properties of objects of another class.In OOP the concept of inheritance provides the idea of reusability. This means that can add additional features to an existing one.

Polymorphism:  Polymorphism is another important OOP concept. Polymorphism means the ability to take more than one form.It plays an important role in allowing objects having different internal structures to share the same external interface.

Dynamic Binding: Binding refers to the linking of procedure call to the code to be executed in response to the call. Dynamic binding means that the code associated with a given procedure call is not known until the time of the call at run-time.